Quorums for Meetings and Resolutions in Joint Stock Companies (TCC)
Type of Resolution Meeting Quorum Resolution Quorum General Assembly (TCC Art.418) 1/4 of the capital (No quorum required in the second meeting) Majority of those present at the meeting Amendments to Articles of Association (TCC Art.421/1) 1/2 (First meeting), 1/3 (Second meeting) Majority of those present at the meeting General Assembly in liquidation (TCC Art.546/3) […]
Risk Analysis in Turkey: Framework, Methods, and Implementation Steps
In Turkey, risk analysis is a fundamental tool that enhances decision-making quality in areas such as tax compliance, financial management, occupational health and safety (Law No. 6331), data protection (KVKK), cybersecurity, and corporate governance. Rising global inflation, supply chain disruptions, interest rate and risk premium volatility, and digital fraud have made risk analysis indispensable for […]
Compliance with the Uniform Chart of Accounts in Turkey and Penalties
Purpose of the Uniform Chart of Accounts The Uniform Chart of Accounts (UCA) in Turkey has been in force since 1994 to standardize accounting records nationwide. With this regulation, the Turkish Revenue Administration (TRA) aims to: Compliance with the UCA is one of the fundamental requirements of keeping books in accordance with the Tax Procedure […]
Partnership Rights in Turkey: Legal Framework and Applications
The Importance of Partnership Rights in Turkey Partnership rights in Turkey are one of the most fundamental aspects of corporate law, both for domestic and foreign investors. The partnership structure determines the rights and obligations in many areas, ranging from company management to profit distribution, from liquidation to share transfer. For this reason, understanding partnership […]
VAT Refund and ATIK Liability in the Context of International Transportation
International transportation, in its most general form, refers to the transportation of goods from one country to another. In our country, where transportation activities are particularly intensive, the tax exemptions applied to these activities are of great importance. The Value Added Tax Law contains special provisions for transportation operations, and these provisions are of critical […]
Delivery of Incentive Investment Goods and the VAT Refund Process
The VAT Law No. 3065 contains different applications subject to VAT refund. One of these is the “Delivery of Incentive Investment Goods” under Article 13/d of the Law. Pursuant to this article, invoices issued by the seller are exempt from VAT and are eligible for refund. Points to Consider When Issuing Sales Invoices When issuing […]
Reduced VAT Refund Procedures in Turkey
Reduced VAT refund procedures are regulated under Article 29/2 of the VAT Law General Communiqué No. 3065. This regulation allows companies operating in certain sectors to reclaim the portion of VAT arising from reduced-rate transactions (1% – 10%) that cannot be recovered through deduction. Sectors Covered by Reduced VAT Refund Companies operating in the following […]
VAT Refund Advantage for Manufacturing Exporters
Exceptions List of VAT to be deducted for the last 24 periods prior to the period in which the export is declared (It is sufficient to submit the list of VAT to be deducted covering the same periods once. If VAT payable is declared in any of the previous periods, it is sufficient to submit […]
Temporary Article 17 Scope Domestic Processing Permit Certificate (DİİB) VAT Refund
In order to make Turkish export products competitive in world markets and to diversify our export products; without being subject to trade policy measures, without being subject to trade policy measures, an economically effective customs regime is applied that allows the import of raw materials, auxiliary materials, and packaging materials necessary for the production of […]
Service Export VAT Refund Procedures
According to Article 11/1-a of Law No. 3065, services provided to customers abroad are exempt from VAT. Scope of the Exemption For a service to be exempt from VAT under Article 11/1-a of Law No. 3065, according to Article 12/2 of the same Law, the following conditions must be met: The fact that the service […]
