FORM W-8BEN-E: A GUIDE FOR COMPANIES IN TURKEY
Short answer Form W-8BEN-E is the IRS form on which an entity organised outside the United States certifies to a payer that it is a foreign entity and the beneficial owner of the payment for United States withholding and reporting purposes. The form is not filed with the IRS; it is given to the payer […]
Transit Trade and Bonded Warehouse Transfers: VAT Exemption and Invoicing
What are transit trade and the transfer of goods in a bonded warehouse? In transit trade, goods are purchased from a supplier in a foreign country and sold to a buyer in another country without being released for free circulation in Turkey. The goods may never enter the customs territory of Turkey, or they may […]
E-commerce in Turkey: Setup, Registration and Compliance
E-commerce in Turkey means offering products or services for sale through a website, a mobile application, social media channels or online marketplaces. A successful and compliant e-commerce operation is not, however, limited to setting up a website or opening a store on a marketplace. Company formation, tax registration, notification to the electronic commerce information system, […]
Company Restoration and Return from Liquidation in Turkey
Short answer Where the company is still registered with the trade registry and its assets have not yet been distributed, a return from liquidation is carried out by general assembly decision (Article 548 of the Turkish Commercial Code). Where an asset comes to light after the company has been struck off the registry, supplementary liquidation […]
Change of Liquidator in Turkey: Removal, Resignation and Death
Short answer Liquidators may be removed from office by the general assembly at any time and new ones appointed in their place. Where the liquidator has been appointed by the court, however, removal and the new appointment must as a rule also be made by the court. Removal, resignation and death each start along a […]
Requirements for Authorization Certificates and Travel Agency Licenses in Medical Tourism Activities
Authorization Certificate and Travel Agency License Obligations in Health Tourism Activities Finding patients abroad and directing them to a healthcare institution requires a health tourism intermediary authorization certificate; selling air tickets, hotel accommodation, tours or transfers in the company’s own name requires a travel agency (TURSAB) operating license. Where treatment, accommodation and transfer are sold […]
CPA Report for the Investment Completion Permit
An important change in investment incentive applications came into effect with the March 9, 2026 circular of the Ministry of Industry and Technology. In line with the Council of State’s 8th Chamber’s decision to suspend implementation, this regulation stipulates that a Certified Public Accountant (CPA) report will now be required for investment completion visa procedures, […]
Foreign Nationals’ Short-Term Training Assignments in Türkiye
Legal Qualification, Exemption Scope, Visa Procedure, and Compliance Risks Foreign Nationals’ Short-Term Training Assignments in Türkiye are regulated under the International Labor Force Law No. 6735 (published in the Official Gazette dated 13 August 2016, No. 29800) and its secondary legislation, including the Regulation on the Implementation of the International Labor Force Law. The legal […]
Directors & Officers (D&O) Liability Insurance in Turkey
As companies grow in scale and business processes become more complex, the scope of responsibility for executives also expands. Strategic decisions, financial management choices, and legal obligations not only affect the sustainability of the company but may also directly impact the personal assets of executives. In this context, protecting executives against risks that may arise […]
Loan Agreements in Turkey: Legal Basis for Debt Relationships
Loan Agreements in Turkey are legally binding written contracts that govern the lending and borrowing relationship between individuals and businesses. These agreements establish the mutual rights and obligations of the parties, ensuring that financial transactions are carried out within a clear legal framework. What is a Loan Agreement? Loan Agreements in Turkey are written contracts […]
